Blog
Relays vs. Solenoids vs. Contactors: A Comparison
Thursday, June 4, 2020
Solenoids, relays, and contactors are all electro-mechanical switches, but there are some critical differences that make each suitable for different applications. In this article, we will explain how each of these devices work and discuss some key selection considerations.
HOW DOES EACH OF THESE SWITCHING DEVICES WORK?
Relays
One of the most common electro-mechanical switches in a vehicle, the main job of a relay is to allow a low power signal to control a higher powered circuit, or to allow multiple circuits to be controlled by one signal.Relays come in a host of designs, from solid-state, which has no moving parts and use semiconductors to control the flow of power, to electromagnetic relays, which uses magnets to physically open and close a switch.A common type of relay you find is a Mini ISO relay, a general purpose relay that comes in an industry standard footprint and fits the needs of many electrical applications such as lighting, starting, horn, heating, and cooling.
Solenoids
Solenoids are a type of relay engineered to remotely switch a heavier current. Similar to the smaller electromechanical cube relays, a coil is used to generate a magnetic field when electricity is passed through it, which effectively opens or closes the circuit.The terms solenoid and relay can often be used interchangeably; however, in the Automotive market, the term solenoid generally refers to a "metal can" type, whereas a relay typically refers to the standard "cube" style relay.
Contactors
The contactor is the relay to use when a circuit must support a heavy current load.Common applications include industrial electric motors used in heavy trucks and equipment, buses, emergency vehicles, electric/hybrid vehicles, boats, light rail, mining, and other systems that simply require too much power for a standard relay.
SELECTION CONSIDERATIONS
Current and Form Factor
If listing these three electro-mechanical switches in order of carrying capacity, relays would fall at the low end, followed by solenoids, then contactors at the highest point. While contactors can handle enough current to help power heavy equipment, they also come with the highest price tag and require the most space, whereas relays require little space and can be purchased very inexpensively. At 40-100A, many solenoids tend to fall right in the middle of these two, both in terms of carrying capacity and price. When determining which one of these three switching products is right for your design, consider the form factor. Typically, greater carrying capacity equals bigger size, so carefully note the amount of space available to ensure the device you need will fit. If there is a conflict, it is time to either rethink your design layout or scale back the electrical system.
Ambient Environment
When selecting any switching device, another key consideration is the demands placed by the environment in which the device will reside.If protection from elements such as humidity, submersion, dust, and vibration is needed, then a sealed product is necessary. Look at the Ingress Protection (IP) rating to determine the specific protection offered.Operating temperature is another critical point. The engine and surrounding components can generate extreme temperatures as high as 175°F, so all neighboring devices must be rated accordingly.
Continuous vs. Intermittent Ratings
It is important to note that solenoids and contactors are rated for either continuous or intermittent use. Intermittent refers to applications that have a brief activation period alternated with a longer rest time, such as a starter switch. On the other hand, switching products with a continuous rating can support applications requiring continual run time, such as winches.One of the most common questions we receive is whether or not one can use a continuous duty solenoid in place of an intermittent duty solenoid?
While we always recommend using the component designed for the job, technically a continuous duty solenoid could be used but is in excess of what is needed. However, under NO circumstances can an intermittent duty solenoid be used when a continuous duty solenoid is required, as it is simply not equipped to handle a continuous demand.
CHOOSING A SWITCHING DEVICE
The decision to use a relay, solenoid, or contactor largely comes down to the current carrying capacity needed, while also considering how the form factor will fit into your design footprint. Once you have identified which of these three types of switching products is right for your needs, taking critical requirements like operating temperatures and other environmental demands into consideration will help you further narrow down your choices. To find the right switching device for your needs, check out our complete collection of relays.
|
|
Recent Posts
How to use Gateway Convertors
Wednesday, March 10, 2021
Voltage Monitor Relays
Wednesday, December 9, 2020
Why do you need a transformer ?
Wednesday, June 10, 2020
Relays vs. Solenoids vs. Contactors: A Comparison
Thursday, June 4, 2020
ABB Opens new distribution center in Phoenix!
Thursday, May 28, 2020
Search Posts |
|
|
Blog Categories
General
12/09/2020 - Voltage Monitor Relays
02/13/2019 - 5 Benefits of Industrial Ether
02/06/2019 - Remarkable Benefits of Liquid
01/30/2019 - Electrical Protection of Induc
01/16/2019 - 5 Causes of Motor Failure and
01/02/2019 - Everything You Need to Know Ab
12/28/2018 - Different Types of Soft Starte
12/12/2018 - Different Types of Programmabl
12/05/2018 - Variable Frequency Drive
11/30/2018 - Applications of Programmable L
11/14/2018 - The Importance of Relays
11/07/2018 - Everything You Need to Know Ab
07/27/2018 - What Are Unearthed Outlets & W
07/11/2018 - The Difference between a Light
07/02/2018 - How Can I Stop My Smoke Detect
06/29/2018 - Understanding Operator Interfa
06/13/2018 - The Importance of Brand Authen
06/04/2018 - Stepper Motors for Machine Aut
04/16/2018 - The Use of Soft Starters and I
04/02/2018 - The Types & Advantages of Usin
03/27/2018 - The New Designs of Contact Blo
03/27/2018 - Important Things You Need to K
03/14/2018 - Limit Switches Improve Safety
03/05/2018 - Soft Starters- Advantages, Typ
02/27/2018 - 8 Reasons to Use a Fuse
02/16/2018 - 4 Benefits of Programmable Log
02/06/2018 - 3 Reasons Why Circuit Breakers
01/29/2018 - 2 Gas Based Generators You Did
01/18/2018 - Common Types of Generators You
01/05/2018 - 3 Machine Safety Measures That
Enclosures
02/23/2019 - Different Types of Electrical
10/31/2018 - The importance of installing e
08/06/2018 - Metal or Plastic? How About Ne
Circuit Protection
09/12/2018 - Why Are Fuses Important?
08/31/2018 - Miniature Circuit Breakers: Ty
08/15/2018 - Miniature Circuit Breakers: Ty
05/30/2018 - How to Replace a Fuse
05/21/2018 - Circuit Breaker vs. Fuse: Whic
05/07/2018 - All You Need to Know About Cir
04/02/2018 - 5 Reasons Why Circuit Breakers
01/01/2018 - ABB Terminal Blocks Are Child’
01/25/2016 - Why Do You Want Miniature Circ
01/12/2016 - Lovato Now At Midwest Equipmen
Machine Safety
Midwest Enclosures
ABB New Facility
Relays vs. Solenoids vs. Contactors: A Comparison
Transformers
Gateway Convertors
New Mersen Product !
Supply Chain Shortages
Why is Motor Control Important ?
What Do Time Switches Do?
Understanding Time Delay Relay Functions
Using Liquid Level Control Relays
Intrinsically Safe Relays
|
Subscribe To Our Blog |
|